MUSTA (Rhizome)
Musta consists of dried rhizome of Cyperus rotundus Linn. (Fam. Cyperacem); occurring throughout the country, common in waste grounds, gardens and roadsides, upto an elevation of 1800 m.
SYNONYMS
Sansk. : Mustaka, Varida
Assam. : Mutha, Somad Koophee
Beng. : Mutha, Musta
Eng. : Nut Grass
Guj. : Moth, Nagarmoth
Hindi. : Motha, Nagarmotha
Kan. : Konnari Gadde
Kash. : —
Mal. : Muthanga, Kari Mustan
Mar. : Moth, Nagarmoth, Motha, Bimbal
Ori. : —
Punj. : Mutha, Motha
Tam. : Korai, Korai-Kizhangu
Tel. : Tungamustalu
Urdu. : Sad Kufi
DESCRIPTION
a) Macroscopic
Drug consists of rhizome and stolon having a number of wiry roots, stolon 10-20 cm long having a number of rhizomes, crowded together on the stolons, rhizomes bluntly conical and vary in size and thickness, crowned with the remains of stem and leaves forming a scaly covering, dark brown or black externally, creamish-yellow internally; odour, pleasant.
b) Microscopic
Rhizome shows single layered epidermis, followed by 2-6 layers, suberised sclerenchymatous cells; epidermis and outer sclerenchymatous layers filled with dark brown content; ground tissue of cortex consists of circular to oval, thin-walled, parenchymatous cells with small intercellular spaces; a few fibro-vascular bundles present in this region; endoderm is distinct and surrounding the stele; wide central zone beneath endodermis, composed of circular to oval, thin-walled, parenchymatous cells with intercellular spaces, numerous collateral, closed, vascular bundles surrounded by bundle sheath, scattered in this region; vessels narrow having simple reticulate, and scalariform thickening and oblique pore; simple round to oval starch grains measuring 6-28 μ in dia., a number of pigmented cells filled with reddish-brown content, present throughout the cortex and stele.
Powder – Creamish-brown; shows reddish-brown cells, reticulate and simple pitted vessels; fibre-like, closely packed sclerified cells, narrow vessels with scalariform thickness and oblique pore from the remnants of leaves simple, round to oval, starch grains, measuring 6-28 μ in diameter.
IDENTITY, PURITY AND STRENGTH
Foreign matter Not more than 2 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.2
Total ash Not more than 8 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.3
Acid-insoluble ash Not more than 4 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.4
Alcohol-soluble extractive Not less than 5 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.6
Water-soluble extractive Not less than 11 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.7
Volatile oil Not less than 1 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.10
T.L.C. –
T.L.C. of the alcoholic extract on Silica gel ‘G’ plate using Toluene: Ethylacetate (9:1) shows under UV (366 nm) a fluorescent zone at Rf. 0.88 (blue). On exposure to Iodine vapour three spots appear at Rf. 0.44, 0.55 and 0.73 (all yellow). On spraying with Vanillin-Sulphuric acid reagent and heating the plate for ten minutes at 105°C three spots appear at Rf. 0.44, 0.55 and 0.73 (all violet).
CONSTITUENTS – Volatile Oil
PROPERTIES AND ACTION
Rasa : Katu, Tikta, Kasaya
Guna : Laghu, Ruksa
Virya : Sita
Vipaka : Katu
Karma : Sothahara, Dipana, Grahi, Krmighna, Pacana, Visaghna, Pittakaphahara, Sthoulyahara, Trsnanigrahana, Tvakadosahara, Jvaraghna
IMPORTANT FORMULATIONS – Musakarista, Mustakadi Kvatha, Asokarista, Mustakadi Curna, Mustakadi, Mustakadi Lehya, Dhamya Pancaka Kvatha Curna, Piyusavalli Rasa, Gulmakatanala Rasa, Mahalaksadi Taila, Sadangapaneeya
THERAPEUTIC USES – Agnimandya, Ajerna, Trsna, Jvara, Sangrahani, Svasa, Kasa, Mutrakrcchra, Vamana, Stanyavikara, Sutikaroga, Atisara, Amavata, Krimiroga
DOSE – 3-6 g. (Powder).
20-30 ml. (Kwatha).
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